Building on the previous episode, we will continue exploring the characters 職 and 業.
就業 Employment
It's about finding any job to make a living. This is in contrast to being 失業(unemployed).
Special Term: 二度就業
Its literal meaning is "second-degree employment." It does not simply refer to getting a "second job." Rather, it describes individuals who previously worked but left the workforce for an extended period due to personal reasons, such as family care, health issues, further studies, or retirement, and who have now chosen to return.
This term emphasizes that, like fresh graduates, these job seekers who have been away from the workforce for a long time may require retraining or skill updates to adapt to the current market.
例句：
- 許多大學生擔心畢業後無法順利就業。
Many university students worry about not being able to successfully enter the workforce after graduation. - 這份工作歡迎新鮮人和二度就業者申請。
This position welcomes applications from fresh graduates and those re-entering the workforce. - 社會新鮮人 Fresh graduate
In Taiwan, fresh graduates who are entering the workforce for the first time are often called 社會新鮮人(Society Freshmen).
It implies that after graduating from school, they are entering the "school of society." Just like a first-year university student, they are now "freshmen" in the real world and have a lot to learn.
失業 Unemployment
Refers to the event of losing one's job. Unlike resigning, this term emphasizes that the loss was involuntary, such as being laid off or fired.
例句：
- 只要是非自願離職，都可以申請失業補助。
You can apply for unemployment benefits as long as the job loss was involuntary. - 非自願離職(Involuntary Separation) is a legal term. To claim government unemployment benefits, you must have a document proving that you did not quit on your own.
無業 Jobless
While 失業 emphasizes the event of losing a job, 無業 emphasizes the current state of having no job.
This word can carry negative connotations in news reports, implying that someone is drifting through life and not contributing to society.
無業遊民 The term literal meaning is "no-job wandering person." This refers to people who do not work and wander the streets all day. Traditionally, it was believed that people without fixed employment who wandered around would inevitably turn to crime. Therefore, this is a distinctively negative term.
Nowadays, people might use it as a joke (usually for self-deprecation), but there is a high chance of offending others if you use it to describe them.
例句：
- 我辭職了！從今天開始，我就是個快樂的無業遊民！
I quit! Starting today, I am a happy jobless bum!
待業 Between jobs
The literal meaning of the term is "waiting for employment." Refers to a state of temporarily having no work and waiting for employment. It implies that the situation is temporary and that you are actively looking for the next opportunity. It's a polite way to describe your status.
例句：
- 我目前待業中，正在尋找適合的新工作。
I am currently between jobs and looking for a suitable new job.
Thanks for reading! If you want to hear the correct pronunciation and intonation, don't forget to watch the video at the beginning of this post. See you next time! 
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